Experiments on distillation and boiling point determination

Summary

This experiment is from the official website of Tianjin Agricultural College

Operation method

Experiments on distillation and boiling point determination

Principle

1. Pure liquid organic matter at a certain pressure has a fixed boiling point. Boiling point is one of the physical constants of liquid organic compounds, so by determining the boiling point can identify organic compounds and determine their purity. 2. The use of distillation can be a large difference in boiling point (such as a difference of 30 ° C) of the liquid mixture is separated. Liquid mixture after heating the lower boiling point first evaporated, the higher boiling point of the subsequent evaporation, non-volatile stay in the distillation flask, so that the purpose of separation and purification can be achieved.

Materials and Instruments

95 % C2H5OH C6H6 (AR pure)
Round Bottom Flask Distillation Head Thermometer Sleeve Thermometer Straight Condenser Tube Tail Tube Triangle Bottle 100 mL Beaker 30 mL Measuring Cylinder Boiling Point Tube Thermometer 100 ℃ Glued Plug Zeolite Latex Collar Lifting Rack 250 mL Heating Sleeve Tripod s Buckle Clamps

Move

1, Boiling point of 95% ethanol was measured by the constant method by distilling 15 mL of 95 % _C2H5OH.

2, Experimental results

b.p. 95 % _C2H5OH = 78.0 °C (theoretical value 78.4 °C)

Caveat

1. The instrument should be installed tightly and correctly.

2. Pay attention to the order of installation and disassembly.

3. Release zeolite and pass condensate before heating.

4. accurately measure 15 mL of 95 % C2H5OH, distillation rate 1-2 d/s.

5. do not vaporize, residual liquid at least 0.5 mL, otherwise prone to accidents (bottle breakage, etc.)6. liquid boiling point of 80 ℃ below the liquid with a water bath heated distillation.

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