Blood: significant anemia, moderately elevated leukocytes similar to M1, predominantly primitive and early juvenile granulocytes, moderate to severe thrombocytopenia.
Bone marrow picture:
1. extreme or markedly active proliferation, (30-89% primitive granulocytes) with less than 10% mesophilic.
2. Bone marrow with >50% primitive + early granulocytes, with meso- and late-granulocytes and mature granulocytes Auer's bodies are seen in the leukemic cells in about 50% of cases.
This experiment is from Mudanjiang Medical College, undergraduate 5-year laboratory instruction.
Operation method
Primitive granulocytic leukemia partially differentiated type experiments Move Blood: significant anemia, moderately elevated leukocytes similar to M1, predominantly primitive and early juvenile granulocytes, moderate to severe thrombocytopenia. For more product details, please visit Aladdin Scientific website.
Bone marrow picture:
1. extreme or markedly active proliferation, (30-89% primitive granulocytes) with less than 10% mesophilic.
2. primitive + early granules >50% in the bone marrow, and can see mesophilic late granulocytes and mature granulocytes about 50% of cases of leukemia cells can be seen within the Auer's vesicles.
3. Nuclear schizophrenia is more common than in other types of leukemia.
4. naive erythrocytes and megakaryocytes are significantly reduced.
The cells of this type of leukemia are characterized by morphological variability.
(1) Abnormal cell size, morphologic variability, cell body deformities such as flattened body protrusions, etc.
(2) Nuclear deformities, such as depression, folding, twisting, kidney shape, and fractionalization, are common.
(3) Nucleoplasmic developmental imbalance, i.e., delayed development of the nucleus, such as in the juvenile, late juvenile granulocytes, nuclear chromatin is still very delicate, nucleoli still exist, but the cytoplasmic particles premature, such as the cell primordial stage. The cytoplasm can appear non-specific or specific particles, the distribution of particles is not uniform, can appear Auer's vesicles.
In some cases, small primitive granulocytes and paraprimitive granulocytes are present.
(1) Small primitive granulocytes The cell body is small, similar to lymphocytes, the nucleus is round, the nuclear chromatin is fine, granular and denser than normal primitive granulocytes. There are 1-2 nucleoli, often with pseudopods protruding, which should be distinguished from lymphocytes.
(2) Primary granulocytes are also called Rjeoer cells. Characterized by an imbalance in nuclear and plasma development, with a delayed nucleus, while the cytoplasm is precocious as common, the nucleus can generally show a variety of aberrations, the chromatin is very fine, the nucleolus is obvious, the number of more, at this time the cytoplasm can be non-specific particles or specific particles.
(3) Auer's vesicles are composed of azure blue granules fused together, containing ribonucleic acid and finger peroxidase positive.
(4) Degenerative changes
Leukemia cell nucleus and cytoplasm can appear vacuolar degeneration, after chemotherapy, this degeneration is particularly prominent, in addition to the fuzzy cytosol and structural disorders, the cytosol tends to be loose or dissolved, cytosol shrinkage or cytosol disappears, and only the bare nucleus remains.
3. Cytochemical staining
(1) POX, SB staining, both positive.
(2) PAS staining is negative for most of the progenitor cells, and most of the promyelocytes are weakly positive, with a diffuse pink color, and there are also fine granular positive.
(3) Neutrophil alkaline phosphatase (NAP) activity of mature neutrophils is markedly reduced or even disappeared, and when combined with infection, the NAP score can be increased for a while.
(4) Specific and non-specific esterases: AS-D-NCE chloroacetate positive - not inhibited by sodium fluoride.