Inflammation

Lysosomes are core organelles for cellular catabolism and quality control. They are responsible for degrading materials derived from intracellular autophagy, extracellular endocytosis, phagocytosis, and macropinocytosis. In addition to degradation, lysosomes participate in nutrient sensing, mTOR ...

Flavonoid natural products are not merely general free-radical-scavenging constituents, but important regulatory molecules capable of acting simultaneously on reactive oxygen species generation, redox buffering, inflammatory sensing, signal transduction, and inflammatory execution.

Interleukins constitute a key group of cytokines produced by immune cells as well as multiple tissue-resident cell types. Their biological effects depend on the assembly of specific receptor complexes and the magnitude of downstream signal transduction, which in turn shapes immune-cell ...

The Interleukin (IL) family is a group of cytokines and development factors mainly derived from white blood cells, which play a key role in coordinating the immune response.

The basic function of acute inflammation is to recruit white blood cells from the circulating blood. These cells are mainly neutrophils, followed by monocytes that can differentiate into macrophages or dendritic cells. Inflammatory reaction is accompanied by the degranulation and activation of ...