Prevention and treatment of prion disease
Prevention and treatment of prion disease
Dirty gut disease is a chronic degenerative, fatal disease of the central nervous system. Humans and many animals can be infected by genetic factors, the environment or their own behavior. It has a long incubation period, rapid progression of the disease, and a 100% mortality rate. Clinical manifestations of the disease include dementia, tremor, ataxia, and other central nervous system symptoms. The infectious agent of the disease is the self-expression of structurally abnormal dirty granule protein. Normal dirty protein PrP exists widely, mainly in α-helical structure. After the disease, the dirty grain PrP product undergoes a conformational change, and a large number of α-helixes are transformed into β-folds. PrP has strong stability, and it can rapidly gather and infect nearby tissues, causing misfolding and spreading, and eventually leading to spongiform degeneration of brain tissue. It can rapidly accumulate and infect nearby tissues, causing misfolding and diffusion, and ultimately leading to spongiform degeneration of brain tissue. The types of samples tested for Ruan granulomatosis include brain tissue and cerebrospinal fluid. Clinical diagnosis of Ruan granulomatosis is based on epidemiologic features, clinical manifestations, pathologic examination, biomarker 14-3-3 protein, and genetic testing.
Currently, dirty granulomas are diagnosed by immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting for the detection of PrP in brain tissue, and there is no effective treatment for dirty granulomas, nor is there an effective vaccine for immunoprophylaxis. At this stage, the main focus is on preventive measures against the possible routes of transmission of dirty granulomas, such as consumption of contaminated food and feed, vertical transmission, and medical infections. Research on this disease is highly emphasized and many mysteries remain to be solved.
Principle
There is currently no effective vaccine or treatment for filth, and preventive measures are taken to address the possible routes of transmission of filth.
There is still no effective treatment for dirty granulosis, and people and animals affected by the disease will eventually die. Therefore, the treatment of dirty granulosis is a hot research topic in the world. Since the pathogenesis of dirty granulosis is accompanied by the conversion of PrP to PrP, the general idea of the current treatment of dirty granulosis is to inhibit the conversion, reduce the stability of PrP, or inhibit the accumulation of PrP to achieve the therapeutic purpose.
Operation method
Prevention and treatment of prion disease
Principle
There is currently no effective vaccine or treatment for filth, and preventive measures are taken to address the possible routes of transmission of filth. There is still no effective treatment for dirty granulosis, and people and animals affected by the disease will eventually die. Therefore, the treatment of dirty granulosis is a hot research topic in the world. Since the pathogenesis of dirty granulomatous disease is accompanied by the transformation of PrP to PrP, the general idea of the treatment of dirty granulomatous disease is to inhibit the transformation, reduce the stability of PrP or inhibit the accumulation of PrP to achieve the purpose of treatment. &&quo; tgt.
Materials and Instruments
Materials: Move The basic experimental procedures for the prevention and treatment of prion disease are as follows: At present, there is a lack of effective vaccine and treatment methods for dirty granulosis, and preventive measures are mainly taken against the possible transmission pathways of dirty granulosis. For the prevention of bovine spongiform encephalopathy and vCJD, the main measures are: ① Avoid direct contact and consumption of food contaminated with PrP; ② Prohibit the use of animal meat and bone meal as feed for cattle and goats, to prevent disease-causing factors from entering into the food chain; ③ In order to prevent imported infections, imported live cattle or cattle products from countries with bovine spongiform encephalopathy must be subjected to strict and special quarantine. For the prevention of medical dirty granulosis, the main measures are: ① the tissues and organs of dirty granulosis patients and patients with any degenerative neurological diseases are strictly prohibited to be used for organ transplantation; ② the inspectors and medical personnel should strictly follow the safety procedures and pay attention to the biosafety in the process of diagnosis and treatment; ③ the autoclave sterilization of contaminated items should be increased from 121 ℃ to 134 ℃, which is usually used, and processed for 2 hours; the tolerable experimental supplies and discarded tissues should be treated with 1 mol/L. The autoclave sterilization should be carried out with 1 mol/L of water. (iii) For autoclaving of contaminated materials, it is necessary to increase the usual 121 ℃ to 134 ℃ for 2 hours; for tolerable experimental supplies and waste tissues, disinfect them by immersion in 1 mol/L NaOH (2 mol/L NaOH) for 2 hours or treat them with 5.25% sodium hypochlorite for 2 hours; in addition, incineration is also available for disposal of wastes; (iv) Although there is no sufficient evidence that dirty particles can be transmitted by aerosols, it is important to prevent and avoid inhaling and avoid aerosolizing the dirty particles during the experiments on animals and the use of homogenizers to process the patient's specimens. Although there is no sufficient evidence that dirty particles can be transmitted by aerosols, it is necessary to prevent and avoid the inhalation and production of aerosols in dirty particle animal experiments and the use of tissue homogenizers for patient specimens.
Dextrose, amphotericin B and its derivatives, lysosomal stimulants and cysteine protease inhibitors
There is still no effective treatment for dirty granulomas, and people and animals with the disease will eventually die. Therefore, the treatment of dirty granulosis is a hot research topic in the world. Since the pathogenesis of dirty granulomas is accompanied by the conversion of PrP to PrP, the general idea of the treatment of dirty granulomas is to inhibit the conversion, reduce the stability of PrP or inhibit the accumulation of PrP to achieve the therapeutic purpose. Some drugs that can inhibit PrP accumulation in cellular models have been identified, such as polyanionic compounds such as dextrose, polyene antibiotics such as amphotericin B and its derivatives, lysosome stimulators and cysteine protease inhibitors, etc. In addition, quinacrine has been found to inhibit PrP accumulation in cellular models. In addition, quinacrine and chlorpromazine have been found to alleviate the early symptoms and delay the course of granulomatous disease, but these drugs are still in the experimental stage.
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