Animal model of iron deficiency anemia

Summary

The animal model of iron deficiency anemia is a basic model of iron deficiency anemia constructed using rats. Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is a small-cell hypochromic anemia caused by a lack of stored iron used to synthesize hemoglobin (HGB) in the body and a decrease in HGB synthesis. It mainly occurs in the following situations: ① increased iron demand and insufficient intake, which is seen in infants, young children, adolescents, pregnant women, and breastfeeding women who have a lack of iron in their diets. ② Iron malabsorption, seen in the lack of gastric acid, small intestinal mucosal lesions, intestinal dysfunction, gastrojejunal anastomosis, as well as the use of antacids and H2 receptor antagonists and other drugs and other conditions. (iii) Excessive iron loss is seen in repeated multiple small blood losses, such as hookworm disease and excessive menstrual flow. At present, there are 1 main methods used to construct animal models of iron deficiency anemia: low iron feed plus repeated small amounts of bloodletting method to construct animal models of iron deficiency anemia.

Principle

Depending on the experimental method, the corresponding principles are different:

The basic principle of constructing an animal model of iron-deficiency anemia by low iron feed plus small amount of bloodletting method is to simulate the iron loss caused by multiple small amount of blood loss by feeding low iron feed and bleeding small amount of bloodletting several times at the same time.

Appliance

The common application areas of animal models of iron deficiency anemia are as follows: generally used for pharmacodynamic studies of new drugs against iron deficiency anemia, suitable for research on the pathogenesis and treatment of iron deficiency anemia.

Operation method

Construction of an animal model of iron-deficiency anemia by low-iron feed plus multiple small bloodletting methods

Principle

The basic principle of constructing an animal model of iron-deficiency anemia by using low-iron diets with small amounts of bloodletting is to simulate iron loss due to multiple small amounts of blood loss by feeding low-iron diets with small amounts of bloodletting.

Materials and Instruments

Equipment:
Isolators and other tools for feeding routine, blood collection needles.
Reagents:
① Skimmed milk powder 500 g/kg, methionine 2 g/kg, choline chloride 2 g/kg, corn oil 50 g/kg, vitamin mix (AIN-76 without iron salts) 35 g/kg, cellulose 5 g/kg, glucose (AR) 396 g/kg;
② EDTA;
③ Deionized water.

Move

The basic process of constructing an animal model of iron deficiency anemia by low iron feed with multiple small amount of bloodletting can be divided into the following steps:

A. Configure the low iron feed with reference to the low iron feed formula recommended by the American Association of Analytical Chemists in Public Service (AOAC): skimmed milk powder 500 g/kg, methionine 2 g/kg, choline chloride 2 g/kg, corn oil 50 g/kg, vitamin mix (AIN-76 without iron salt) 35 g/kg, cellulose 5 g/kg, and dextrose (AR) 396 g/kg.

B. Soaking treatment with EDTA to remove iron from feed.

Note: The amount of iron in the feed is the key to induce the formation of iron deficiency anemia model in SD rats.

C. Use deionized water as animal drinking water to exclude the effect of iron ions in drinking water.

D. Small and frequent bloodletting simulates the loss of iron due to repeated multiple small blood losses, which accelerates the formation of anemia. Bloodletting is usually performed after 2 weeks of low iron feed feeding, and the tail-end vein bloodletting method is commonly used, 1~1,5 mL each time, 2 times/week.

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