Experimental effects of ketamine and sodium thiopental on the respiratory and circulatory systems of rabbits

Summary

Observe the effects of ketamine and sodium thiopental on the respiratory and circulatory systems of rabbits and compare the similarities and differences in their actions.

Operation method

Subcutaneous infiltration anesthesia of the neck and intravenous injection at the ear margins

Principle

Ketamine is a non-barbiturate intravenous anesthetic, and its main mechanism of anesthesia is to block NMDA receptors; while sodium thiopental is a barbiturate intravenous anesthetic, and has a wide range of central nervous system inhibitory effects. The two have different mechanisms of action, and their effects on respiration and cardiovascular activity are also different, and the action characteristics of each drug can be observed by recording the changes in blood pressure and respiration of rabbits before and after administration.

Materials and Instruments

Rabbits
Ketamine solution; Heparin solution (saline preparation); Thiopental sodium solution; Procaine solution
Coarse scissors; surgical instruments; syringe; tracheal tube; arterial clip; arterial cannula; pressure transducer and tension transducer; BL-420 biosignal recorder; silk thread; beaker

Move

1. Take a rabbit, weigh it, fix it on the rabbit table in the supine position, cut off the hair on the neck, anesthetize it with 1% procaine solution for subcutaneous infiltration on the neck, incise the skin of the neck in the middle, isolate one side of the common carotid artery, clip the arterial clip proximally to block the flow of blood, and intubate the common carotid artery. Insert the arterial cannula, which has been filled with heparin, in the direction of the heart, and connect it to a pressure transducer to monitor the blood pressure. A silk thread was sewn onto the skin of the rabbit at the xiphoid process for respiratory monitoring, and the other end of the thread was connected to a tension transducer, which should not be stretched too tightly.

2. Connect the pressure transducer and the tension transducer to the BL-420 Bio-signal Recorder, open the arterial clamp, and record the normal respiration and blood pressure curves of the rabbit respectively.

3.. After tracing the normal respiration and blood pressure curves, rabbits were intravenously injected with ketamine 2 mg/kg at the ear margin, and the respiration and blood pressure curves of the rabbits were recorded immediately at the time points of 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 30 min after the administration of ketamine, and the changes of the rabbits' respiration and blood pressure were observed after the administration of ketamine.

4. After the respiration and blood pressure curves of the rabbits returned to the pre-dose pattern, the rabbits were injected intravenously at the ear margin with sodium thiopental 10 mg/kg for 1 min, and the respiration and blood pressure curves were recorded at the same time points as above, and the changes in the respiration and blood pressure of the rabbits were observed after the injection of sodium thiopental.

5. See the traced respiration and blood pressure change curves.

Caveat

1. The pressure transducer piping system should be filled with heparinized saline and drained of air bubbles before connection.

2. Half of the group will give ketamine to the rabbits first, followed by sodium thiopental, and the other half will give the drugs in the opposite order. Observe the differences in the results and analyze the reasons.

3. During the experiment, carefully observe the general reaction of the rabbits and the changes of respiration and blood pressure curves.

Common Problems

1. What are the effects and differences between ketamine and sodium thiopental on respiration and circulation in animals?

2. What should be noted when using ketamine and sodium thiopental for clinical anesthesia based on experimental observations?

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