Determine the necessary mass, volume, or concentration for preparing a solution.
CP, ≥85% CP for sensitive chromatographic and analytical workflows requiring minimal baseline interference.
Desiccated,Room temperature Ships Normal Check lot-specific COA for exact specifications.
SDS, COA, datasheet, and spec sheet available for download. Lot-specific COA accessible via lot number lookup.
Cited in 35 peer-reviewed publications across chromatography, organic synthesis, and cross-coupling reactions.
| Canonical Smiles | C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=C(N2)C3=NC4=CC=CC=C4C3=O)O |
|---|---|
| IUPAC Name | 2-(3-hydroxy-1H-indol-2-yl)indol-3-one |
| InChIKey | QQILFGKZUJYXGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N |
| INCHI | 1S/C16H10N2O2/c19-15-9-5-1-3-7-11(9)17-13(15)14-16(20)10-6-2-4-8-12(10)18-14/h1-8,17,19H |
| Isomeric SMILES | C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C(=C(N2)C3=NC4=CC=CC=C4C3=O)O |
| WGK Germany | 1 |
| RTECS | DU2988400 |
| Molecular Weight | 262.26 |
| Beilstein | 88275 |
| Reaxy-Rn | 37935110 |
| Reaxys-RN_link_address | https://www.reaxys.com/reaxys/secured/hopinto.do?context=S&query=IDE.XRN=37935110&ln= |
Comprehensive hazard, handling, storage, and regulatory compliance document.
Download SDS →Lot-specific quality data. Enter your lot number to retrieve the exact COA.
Look up COA →Full quality attributes and acceptance criteria for this grade.
View spec sheet →Taxonomy Tree
| Kingdom | Organic compounds |
|---|---|
| Superclass | Organoheterocyclic compounds |
| Class | Indoles and derivatives |
| Subclass | Hydroxyindoles |
| Intermediate Tree Nodes | Not available |
| Direct Parent | Hydroxyindoles |
| Alternative Parents | Indoles Aryl ketones Substituted pyrroles Benzenoids Heteroaromatic compounds Ketimines Propargyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compounds Azacyclic compounds Organic oxides Hydrocarbon derivatives |
| Molecular Framework | Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds |
| Substituents | Hydroxyindole - Indole - Aryl ketone - Benzenoid - Substituted pyrrole - Pyrrole - Heteroaromatic compound - Ketimine - Ketone - Azacycle - Organic 1,3-dipolar compound - Propargyl-type 1,3-dipolar organic compound - Imine - Hydrocarbon derivative - Organooxygen compound - Organonitrogen compound - Organic oxide - Organic oxygen compound - Organic nitrogen compound - Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound |
| Description | This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as hydroxyindoles. These are organic compounds containing an indole moiety that carries a hydroxyl group. |
| External Descriptors | Not available |
Find and download the COA for your product by matching the lot number on the packaging.
| Lot Number | Certificate Type | Date | Item |
|---|---|---|---|
| Certificate of Analysis | Oct 13, 2025 | I104182 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Jul 01, 2025 | I104182 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Jun 09, 2025 | I104182 | |
| Certificate of Analysis | Aug 31, 2023 | I104182 |
| Flash Point(°F) | >428℉ |
|---|---|
| Flash Point(°C) | >220℃ |
| Melt Point(°C) | 390-392°C |
| Molecular Weight | 262.260 g/mol |
| XLogP3 | 2.700 |
| Hydrogen Bond Donor Count | 2 |
| Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count | 3 |
| Rotatable Bond Count | 1 |
| Exact Mass | 262.074 Da |
| Monoisotopic Mass | 262.074 Da |
| Topological Polar Surface Area | 65.500 Ų |
| Heavy Atom Count | 20 |
| Formal Charge | 0 |
| Complexity | 448.000 |
| Isotope Atom Count | 0 |
| Defined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Defined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count | 0 |
| The total count of all stereochemical bonds | 0 |
| Covalently-Bonded Unit Count | 1 |
| 1. Mingyi Yao, Jian Liu, Narengaowa, Yonggu Li, Feng Zhao. (2023) In situ detection of natural dyes in archaeological textiles by SERS substrates immobilized on the fiber. MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL, [PMID:] [10.1016/j.microc.2023.108939] |
| 2. Li Li, Guanzheng Zhuang, Peng Yuan. (2023) Coordinated water stabilizes indigo-sepiolite hybrid pigments: Evidence from acid modification. APPLIED CLAY SCIENCE, [PMID:] [10.1016/j.clay.2023.106877] |
| 3. Yanqing Li, Yingwu Lin, Fang Wang, Jinghan Wang, Osami Shoji, Jiakun Xu. (2023) Construction of Biocatalysts Using the P450 Scaffold for the Synthesis of Indigo from Indole. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SCIENCES, 24 (3): (2395). [PMID:36768714] [10.3390/ijms24032395] |
| 4. Qi Yang, Huan Yu, Yiling Qu, Xiaochun Zhang, Ruocheng Xia, Ziwei Wang, Rui Tan, Lei Xiong, Shihan Xi, Jun Wu, Yuzhen Gao, Suhua Zhang, Chengtao Li. (2022) Developmental validation of the novel six-dye GoldeneyeTM DNA ID System 35InDel kit for forensic application. Forensic Sciences Research, [PMID:36817233] [10.1080/20961790.2021.1945723] |
| 5. Sun Bing-Yao, Sui Hua-Lu, Liu Zi-Wei, Tao Xin-Yi, Gao Bei, Zhao Ming, Ma Yu-Shu, Zhao Jian, Liu Min, Wang Feng-Qing, Wei Dong-Zhi. (2022) Structure-guided engineering of a flavin-containing monooxygenase for the efficient production of indirubin. Bioresources and Bioprocessing, 9 (1): (1-16). [PMID:38647553] [10.1186/s40643-022-00559-7] |
| 6. Shuangshou Wang, Lu Zhang, Qiwen Jin, Zhongqiu Xu, Jiayi Zhao, Yuwen Ding, Wenzhi Li, Peng Lin, Jing Gu, Qi Zhang, Yang Chen, Hongmei Chen, Tingxuan Yan. (2022) Filter paper-based colorimetric analysis: An instrument-free strategy for semiquantitative naked-eye detection of food colorants. FOOD CHEMISTRY, [PMID:35551021] [10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.133087] |
| 7. Li Li, Guanzheng Zhuang, Mengyuan Li, Peng Yuan, Liangliang Deng, Haozhe Guo. (2022) Influence of indigo-hydroxyl interactions on the properties of sepiolite-based Maya blue pigment. DYES AND PIGMENTS, [PMID:] [10.1016/j.dyepig.2022.110138] |
| 8. Ming Guan, Xiaojing Kang, Le Wei, Xingjun Hu, Chao Han, Xing Li, Hanwen Liu, Liang Qu, Zhenwen Zhao. (2022) A dual-mode strategy combining SERS with MALDI FTICR MS based on core-shell silver nanoparticles for dye identification and semi-quantification in unearthed silks from Tang Dynasty. TALANTA, [PMID:35121543] [10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123277] |
| 9. Ting Shi, Qian Jia, Hongning Wang, Ruoyu Chen. (2021) Preparation of superhydrophobic and oleophobic antireflective coating with high transmittance. SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY, [PMID:] [10.1016/j.surfcoat.2021.127863] |
| 10. Huifang Yin, Hongping Chen, Meng Yan, Zhikun Li, Rongdi Yang, Yanjiao Li, Yanfang Wang, Jianyi Guan, Huili Mao, Yan Wang, Yuyang Zhang. (2021) Efficient Bioproduction of Indigo and Indirubin by Optimizing a Novel Terpenoid Cyclase XiaI in Escherichia coli. ACS Omega, [PMID:34396002] [10.1021/acsomega.1c02679] |
| 11. Yiling Qu, RuiYang Tao, Huan Yu, Qi Yang, Ziwei Wang, Rui Tan, Xiaochun Zhang, Ruocheng Xia, Lei Xiong, Shihan Xi, Jun Wu, Yuzhen Gao, Suhua Zhang, Chengtao Li. (2021) Development and validation of a forensic six-dye multiplex assay with 29 STR loci. ELECTROPHORESIS, [PMID:33864289] [10.1002/elps.202100019] |
| 12. Shi-Qi Tian, Jing-Yao Qi, Yun-Peng Wang, Yu-Lei Liu, Lu Wang, Jun Ma. (2021) Heterogeneous catalytic ozonation of atrazine with Mn-loaded and Fe-loaded biochar. WATER RESEARCH, [PMID:33540342] [10.1016/j.watres.2021.116860] |
| 13. Yao Shen, Bo Chen, Han Zuilhof, Teris A. van Beek. (2020) Microfluidic Chip-Based Induced Phase Separation Extraction as a Fast and Efficient Miniaturized Sample Preparation Method. MOLECULES, 26 (1): (38). [PMID:33374763] [10.3390/molecules26010038] |
| 14. Kang Yang, Songyan Li, Kaiqiang Zhang, Yongwei Wang. (2020) Synergy of hydrophilic nanoparticle and nonionic surfactant on stabilization of carbon dioxide-in-brine foams at elevated temperatures and extreme salinities. FUEL, [PMID:] [10.1016/j.fuel.2020.119624] |
| 15. Zhen Deshuai, Shi Sisi, Gao Chan, Kang Qing, Xiao Xilin, Grimes Craig A., Cai Qingyun. (2020) Bi, Fe, and Ti ternary co-doped ZrO2 nanocomposites as a mass spectrometry matrix for the determination of bisphenol A and tetrabromobisphenol A in tea. MICROCHIMICA ACTA, 187 (10): (1-10). [PMID:32980997] [10.1007/s00604-020-04544-9] |
| 16. Xiaoyan Li, Kangkang Wang, Mengqian Wang, Wei Zhang, Jiming Yao, Sridhar Komarneni. (2020) Sustainable electrochemical dyeing of indigo with Fe(Ⅱ)-based complexes. Journal of Cleaner Production, [PMID:] [10.1016/j.jclepro.2020.123251] |
| 17. Tao Ruiyang, Chen Chong, Sheng Xiang, Xia Ruocheng, Zhang Xiaochun, Zhang Jingyi, Yang Zihao, Zhang Suhua, Li Chengtao. (2019) Validation of the Investigator 24plex QS Kit: A 6-dye Multiplex PCR Assay for Forensic Application in the Chinese Han Population. Forensic Sciences Research, 7 (2): (172-180). [PMID:35784410] [10.1080/20961790.2019.1665160] |
| 18. Xiao Dong Tan, Wei Xiong, Jin Zhang, Jie Xu, Chang Hai Yi. (2018) Indirect Electrochemical Reduction of Indigo and Dyeing. KEY ENGINEERING MATERIALS, [PMID:] [10.4028/www.scientific.net/KEM.773.379] |
| 19. Xiaoming Chen, Tao Wang, Leimiao Lin, Fangjie Wo, Yaqin Liu, Xiao Liang, Hui Ye, Jianmin Wu. (2018) Tip-Enhanced Photoinduced Electron Transfer and Ionization on Vertical Silicon Nanowires. ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces, [PMID:29648434] [10.1021/acsami.8b00506] |
| 20. Wu Xunxun, Chen Xiaofei, Jia Dan, Cao Yan, Gao Shouhong, Guo Zhiying, Zerbe Philipp, Chai Yifeng, Diao Yong, Zhang Lei. (2016) Characterization of anti-leukemia components from Indigo naturalis using comprehensive two-dimensional K562/cell membrane chromatography and in silico target identification. Scientific Reports, 6 (1): (1-13). [PMID:27150638] [10.1038/srep25491] |
| 21. Hong Xie, Xiaoliang Ye, Kaiyue Duan, Muyin Xue, Yongling Du, Weichun Ye, Chunming Wang. (2015) CuAu–ZnO–graphene nanocomposite: A novel graphene-based bimetallic alloy-semiconductor catalyst with its enhanced photocatalytic degradation performance. JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS, [PMID:] [10.1016/j.jallcom.2015.02.159] |
| 22. Ruijuan Qu, Bingzhe Xu, Lingjun Meng, Liansheng Wang, Zunyao Wang. (2014) Ozonation of indigo enhanced by carboxylated carbon nanotubes: Performance optimization, degradation products, reaction mechanism and toxicity evaluation. WATER RESEARCH, [PMID:25462739] [10.1016/j.watres.2014.10.017] |
| 23. Zheng-Jun Cheng, Hong-Mei Zhao, Qian-Yong Xu, Rong Liu. (2013) Investigation of the interaction between indigotin and two serum albumins by spectroscopic approaches. Journal of Pharmaceutical Analysis, [PMID:29403826] [10.1016/j.jpha.2013.01.004] |
| 24. Yajing Lei, Shujie Zhang, Lizheng Fang, Muhammad Sajid Hamid Akash, Weixing Shi, Kedan Sun, Yingchun Xu, Shuqing Chen. (2013) A sensitive and specific enzyme immunoassay for detecting tartrazine in human urinary samples. Analytical Methods, 5 (4): (925-930). [PMID:] [10.1039/C2AY26121A] |
| 25. Jixing Fan, Qian Liu, Li, Li, Guanzheng Zhuang, Peng Yuan. (2024) Channel confinement effects in palygorskite and sepiolite: Mechanisms behind color and stability variations in Maya Blue pigments. APPLIED CLAY SCIENCE, [PMID:] [10.1016/j.clay.2024.107689] |
| 26. Shiqi Luo, Wei Song, Guipeng Hu, Jian Wen, Xiaomin Li, Cong Gao, Jia Liu, Wanqing Wei, Liming Liu. (2025) Construction of Escherichia coli Cell Factory for Efficient Synthesis of Indigo. CHEMBIOCHEM, [PMID:39825611] [10.1002/cbic.202401073] |
| 27. Ruixue Meng, Xinxin Wang, Deping Li, Kewei Zhang, Xiankai Li, Yanhui Li, Long Chen, Lijie Ci. (2024) High antifouling graphene membranes with Fe2O3 nanoparticles in-situ intercalation for selective dye/salt separation. DESALINATION, [PMID:] [10.1016/j.desal.2024.117919] |
| 28. Jingjiu Mu, Lei Wang, Fan Wang, Weihong Liao, Hailing Dai, Yajing Yang, Yanjun Jiang, Lijuan Liu, Xiao Men, Haibo Zhang. (2025) Low-carbon bioconversion of corn stover through whole process design. CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL, [PMID:] [10.1016/j.cej.2025.160911] |
| 29. Changwei Zhang, Hua Yuan, Hong Shen, Chuan Li, Jianzhong Ye, Huaxing Zhang, Chengzhang Wang. (2024) Physicochemical properties and antibacterial activity evaluation of new indigo extract from Baphicacanthus cusia (Nees) Bremek prepared by chemical conversion method. Arabian Journal of Chemistry, [PMID:] [10.1016/j.arabjc.2024.105801] |
| 30. Changwei Zhang, Hua Yuan, Hong Shen, Jianzhong Ye, Chengzhang Wang. (2024) Synthesis, light-controlled antibacterial and anti-tumor activities of Ginkgo biloba leaves polyprenols-based polypyridine metal complexes. Heliyon, [PMID:39229538] [10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e35479] |
| 31. Li Li, Guanzheng Zhuang, Yanfu Wei, Mohammad Fahimizadeh, Peng Yuan. (2025) Understanding the sepiolite–indigo interaction and its effect on Maya blue pigment by alkali pre-treatment of sepiolite. CLAYS AND CLAY MINERALS, [PMID:] [10.1017/cmn.2025.2] |
| 32. Lingchao Kong, Qinyu Wang, Yeyin Zhang, Yi Wang, Chunmiao Zheng. (2025) Ultralight TETA-Functionalized Cellulose Aerogels for Ultrahigh Synchronous Indigo and Congo Red Adsorption: Combined Experimental and Detailed DFT Mechanistic Insights. Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering, [PMID:] [10.1016/j.jece.2025.118444] |
| 33. Li Li, Qian Liu, Guanzheng Zhuang, Jixing Fan, Peng Yuan, Fei Xu. (2025) Optimizing conditions for sepiolite-based Maya blue Pigments: Insights into thermal treatment and coloration. MICROPOROUS AND MESOPOROUS MATERIALS, [PMID:] [10.1016/j.micromeso.2025.113664] |
| 34. Yihan Wang, Yihao Wang, Jianjun Cheng, Chun Chen, Fei Zhan, Lei Wang, Guoyong Song. (2025) A durable biomimetic nest-shaped superhydrophobic/ anti-icing material derived from wood fibers. Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers, [PMID:] [10.1016/j.jtice.2025.106455] |
| 35. Ma Ke-Yu, Hou Bao-Long, Fan An-Qi, Huang An-Li, Li Bo-Rui, Liang Yan-Ni, Wang Zheng. (2026) The mechanism of indigo naturalis and its active ingredients against ulcerative colitis. Scientific Reports, [PMID:41535567] [10.1038/s41598-026-35413-9] |
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