What is the “Ultra pure” grade?
The “Ultra pure” grade generally refers to reagents that, on top of conventional high-purity specifications (for example, solids/organic compounds typically with an assay of ≥99%, and water or acids characterized by conductivity or impurity levels), are subjected to stricter and quantitatively defined control over multiple impurity dimensions, including:
(1) Metallic impurities
(2) Inorganic ionic impurities
(3) Organic impurities
(4) TOC (total organic carbon)
(5) Optical background (UV/fluorescence)
(6) Microbial contamination
This enhanced control is designed to meet the requirements of trace analysis, high-sensitivity detection, or high-risk biological applications.
The term “Ultra pure” / “Ultrapure” is not uniformly defined by any single international organization (such as IUPAC or ISO). Rather, major manufacturers have developed their own high-grade internal quality specifications on top of commonly accepted reagent standards to address the demands of trace and ultratrace analysis.
Importantly, “Ultra pure” is not just a single purity number; it is a set of combined specifications engineered around specific target applications. For any given product, you should always refer to its Certificate of Analysis (COA) and technical documentation to verify whether key parameters such as metals, TOC, and residues meet the requirements of your particular experiment.
Why does the Ultra pure grade exist?
The emergence of the Ultra pure grade can be attributed to four main driving forces:
1. Rapid advances in instrument sensitivity
(a) Techniques such as ICP-MS, HR-ICP-MS, LA-ICP-MS, and LC-MS/MS now routinely achieve detection limits in the ppb/ppt range. Under these conditions, conventional AR-grade reagents themselves can easily become a dominant source of background.
2. Complex sample matrices and pressure on blank control
(a) In fields such as environmental analysis, semiconductor materials, pharmaceutical raw and auxiliary materials, and food, extremely low blank values are needed to accurately reveal true contamination levels. As a result, impurity control in trace-level acids, bases, and salts has become critical.
3. High sensitivity of life science experiments to “hidden impurities”
(a) Cell, embryo, and molecular biology systems are highly sensitive to heavy metals, oxidative impurities, nucleases, and endotoxins. These contaminants are often not stringently specified in traditional reagent grades and therefore require dedicated high-grade reagents.
4. Semiconductor, optoelectronic, and advanced materials industries
(a) In semiconductors, optical fibers, and optical materials, certain impurity elements—even at ppb levels—can significantly affect electrical and optical performance. This has led to the development of specialized high-purity grades such as Electronics Grade and MOS Grade.
In this sense, the Ultra pure grade is essentially the result of technological progress continuously pushing reagent quality standards forward.
Typical Test Items and Specification Examples for Ultra pure Products
Specific numerical specifications vary between manufacturers and product lines, but the quality control dimensions are largely similar.
Quality Control Dimension | Typical Test Items | Common Requirements for Ultra pure | Main Application Scenarios |
Assay / Organic Purity | Assay (titration), GC purity, HPLC purity, qNMR, etc. | Typically ≥99–99.9%, with additional limits set for specific by-products and residual solvents | General analysis, synthesis, preparation of standard solutions |
Metallic Impurities (total and individual elements) | ICP-OES, ICP-MS (dozens of elements) | For high-purity acids/salts: metallic impurities at the ppb or ppt level. For example, some Trace Metal Grade acids have multi-element limits of 0.1–0.5 ppb; Ultrapur / Optima / Electronics Grade acids targeting ultratrace analysis may control key metals at around 10 ppt, with individual elements and measured blanks approaching 1 ppt. | ICP-MS/ICP-OES trace metal analysis; electronic and optoelectronic materials |
Inorganic Anionic/Cationic Impurities | Conductivity, specific ion tests (e.g., chloride/sulfate), evaporation residue | Very low conductivity and evaporation residue; for salts, limits on other inorganic ions are set at the ppm level or lower | Ion chromatography, conductivity measurements, trace impurity analysis |
TOC (Total Organic Carbon) | TOC analyzer | For water and acids used in trace analysis and LC applications, TOC is typically controlled at several tens of ppb or lower (comparable to Type I ultrapure water) | LC-MS, spectroscopic analysis, high-sensitivity detection |
Optical Background (UV/Fluorescence) | Absorbance at 200–400 nm; fluorescence intensity | Solvents and buffers are required to have low UV absorbance and low fluorescence background to avoid interference with UV/fluorescence detection. For example, TraceSELECT solvents are tested for UV transmittance. | HPLC/UPLC, LC-MS, fluorescence detection |
Microbial Count & Endotoxin | Plate count, endotoxin (LAL), sterility tests | Ultra pure series designed for cell/molecular biology often include limits for microbial load and endotoxin, and may also be tested for RNase/DNase/Protease. | Cell culture, embryo culture, PCR/qPCR, etc. |
Application-Specific Functional Tests | Labels such as “suitable for ICP-MS,” “suitable for LC-MS,” “RNase/DNase-free,” “validated in embryo culture,” etc. | Dedicated methods are used to evaluate background or interference in specific experiments, e.g., measuring blanks under ICP-MS conditions, or checking for inhibition in PCR. | Functional qualification for specific applications |
Note: The important point is that “Ultra pure” is not a single numerical threshold, but a combined set of specifications tailored to a given target application. You should carefully review the COA and technical documentation provided by the supplier, focusing on the parameters that are most relevant to your own experiments.
Typical Application Fields of Ultra pure Reagents
1. Inorganic Trace Metal Analysis
(a) ICP-MS, ICP-OES, AAS (including GF-AAS), etc.
(b) Ultra pure acids (HNO₃, HCl, HF, H₂SO₄, etc.) and high-purity salts for sample digestion and blank control.
2. High-Sensitivity LC / LC-MS / UPLC Analysis
(a) Buffer salts and acid/base additives in mobile phases (e.g., ammonium formate, ammonium acetate, phosphates).
(b) Low metals, low TOC, and low UV/fluorescence background are required to prevent ghost peaks and ion suppression.
3. Molecular Biology and Omics Experiments
(a) PCR/qPCR, NGS library preparation, proteomics, metabolomics.
(b) Systems that are extremely sensitive to nucleases, proteases, metal ions, and endotoxins.
4. Cell and Embryo Culture
(a) Basic salts, amino acids, glucose, vitamins, and buffers must have particularly low levels of heavy metals and organic impurities.
(b) For example, embryo-grade water has been demonstrated to be suitable for embryo cell culture.
5. Semiconductors, Optoelectronics, and Advanced Materials
(a) High-purity acids and bases for wafer cleaning, etching, and photoresist processing.
(b) Extremely stringent ppb/ppt-level limits for impurity elements such as Fe, Cu, Na, and K.
6. Pharmaceutical Analysis and Quality Control
(a) High-purity acids, salts, and solvents used to prepare reference solutions and standards.
(b) Background control in pharmacopoeial methods, quality evaluation, and stability studies.
Comparison of Common Reagent Grades vs. Ultra pure
Grade / Designation | Focus on Assay / Purity | Control of Metallic Impurities | TOC / Organic Background | Optical Background (UV / Fluorescence) | Biological Cleanliness (Microbes / Endotoxin / RNase, etc.) | Typical Application Scenarios |
Primarily defined by assay via titration or GC/HPLC | Typically specified as a general “heavy metals” limit at the ppm level | Usually not specifically controlled | Generally not specifically specified | Typically not specifically tested | Routine chemical analysis, teaching labs, general synthesis | |
Chromatography Grade / HPLC Grade | Emphasis on chromatographic purity; control of major impurity peaks and residual solvents | Usually no systematic limits for trace metals | Controls organic impurities that interfere with chromatography | Lower UV background required; sometimes explicitly specified | Usually does not address RNase/DNase/endotoxin, etc. | Conventional HPLC/UV detection, preparative chromatography |
LC-MS Grade | Emphasis on volatility, low residue, and compatibility with electrospray ionization | Some control over selected metals | Stricter control of TOC and non-volatile residues | Very low UV background and minimal extraneous peaks required | Generally does not guarantee “enzyme-free / endotoxin-free” | LC-MS/MS analysis, sample preparation for metabolomics / proteomics |
Beyond acceptable assay, focuses more on biological contaminants | Generally not pushed to ppb/ppt levels | May control organic impurities, but this is usually not the main selling point | Typically not a primary specification | Requires RNase-/DNase-/Protease-free, low microbial load, and low endotoxin | PCR/qPCR, NGS, molecular cloning, nucleic acid / protein workflows | |
Ultra pure / Ultrapure | Built on high assay, further optimized for overall low background | Emphasis on multi-element control at the ppb/ppt level | TOC and evaporation residue controlled at very low levels | Dedicated specifications for UV / fluorescence background (product-dependent) | Some products additionally meet “Molecular Biology Grade” or sterile / low-endotoxin requirements | ICP-MS/ICP-OES, ultratrace elemental analysis, high-sensitivity LC/LC-MS, critical blanks and controls |
High assay, depending on application | Extremely stringent limits for Fe, Cu, Na, K, etc. (ppb/ppt level) | Strict control over particles and organic residues | Closely tied to specific processes (e.g., lithography, optical applications) | Generally not a primary consideration | Wafer cleaning, etching, photoresist processing, optoelectronic and semiconductor manufacturing |
Frequently Asked Questions
Q1: Is there an official unified standard for the Ultra pure grade?
A: Not at present. Names such as “Ultra pure / Ultrapure / Suprapur / TraceSELECT / Ultratrace” are essentially manufacturer-defined enterprise grades built on top of established reagent standards, developed to meet trace/ultratrace analytical requirements or specific application needs. They are not “official grades” formally defined and named by any single international organization.
Therefore, when deciding whether a particular “Ultra pure” product is suitable for your experiment, the key is to look at the specific specifications in the COA and technical documentation (especially metals, TOC, residue, etc.), rather than relying solely on the words “Ultra pure” on the label.
Q2: What is the relationship between Ultra pure and “Molecular Biology Grade”?
A: These are two different classification dimensions, and they can be combined.
(a) Ultra pure focuses on strict control of chemical and trace impurities, especially metals, residue, TOC, and optical background.
(b) Molecular Biology Grade is defined from the perspective of biological cleanliness. It typically requires RNase-/DNase-/Protease-free, low microbial load, and low endotoxin, making it suitable for PCR and DNA/RNA-related workflows.
(c) A product can fully meet both dimensions. For example, some waters, buffers, and salts are labeled both “Ultra pure” and “Molecular Biology Grade” or “RNase/DNase-free.” This indicates that additional controls have been implemented on both chemical impurities and biological contaminants.
It is important to note that Molecular Biology Grade alone does not automatically equal Ultra pure. Whether metal and TOC specifications reach Ultra pure levels still has to be confirmed from the COA.
Q3: How does Ultra pure water relate to laboratory water specified in GB/T 6682 and ISO 3696?
A: Ultra pure water is generally a higher water-quality level built on top of these standards, further enhanced for trace analysis.
1. GB/T 6682 and ISO 3696 classify analytical laboratory water into Grade I/II/III, specifying parameters such as conductivity, oxidizable substances, silica, and evaporation residue. These standards constitute the basic framework for laboratory water.
2. ASTM D1193 and various ultrapure water systems go further by adding control over TOC, particles, and microorganisms, giving rise to what is commonly referred to as “Type I Ultrapure Water,” which is widely used in ICP-MS and other trace element analyses.
In simple terms, Grade I water in these standards is the “compliance baseline,” while Ultra pure water represents a higher water-quality level on top of that baseline, designed to further reduce background for trace/ultratrace analysis.
Q4: If I replace AR/GR reagents with Ultra pure reagents, do I need to revalidate my method?
A: It depends on your method type and application scenario.
1. In general research or non-regulated analyses, upgrading from AR/GR to Ultra pure typically results in lower blanks and better reproducibility. When used appropriately, it usually does not impair accuracy; on the contrary, many trace-analysis workflows become more stable.
2. From a methodology standpoint, however, changing the grade of a critical reagent is considered a change in method conditions:
(a) For pharmaceutical analysis, quality control, and regulated methods, it is recommended to at least perform a brief method suitability/system suitability check (blank, linearity, matrix spike recovery or QC samples) and to document the change.
(b) For in-house research methods, it is also advisable to record blank values and a few QC points after switching to Ultra pure, to facilitate comparison and traceability.
In short, upgrading to Ultra pure is generally a beneficial change. But for projects that require traceability and are subject to audits, carrying out a small-scale confirmation will provide additional confidence.
Q5: When reading the COA of an Ultra pure reagent, what should I focus on?
A: You can review the COA along the following dimensions:
1. Assay / Purity
(a) For neat organics and salts, typical descriptions are ≥99–99.9% (by titration, GC, HPLC, or qNMR).
(b) For acids, bases, prepared solutions, and water, specifications are usually given in terms of mass fraction, molarity, conductivity, etc. The assay itself is not the sole criterion distinguishing Ultra pure.
2. Metallic Impurities (Trace Metals)
(a) Check whether an ICP-OES / ICP-MS multi-element test table is provided.
(b) Check whether individual element limits are in ppm, ppb, or even lower, and whether key elements (such as Fe, Cu, Na, K, Pb, etc.) have explicit specifications.
(c) For some high-purity acids/buffer salts, you may also see an overall indicator such as “metals basis ≥99.99%” to describe total metallic purity.
3. Other Inorganic/Organic Impurities
(a) Such as Cl⁻/SO₄²⁻, evaporation residue, residual solvents, and TOC. These are directly related to blank levels and spectral/chromatographic background.
4. Optical and Biological Indicators (where applicable)
(a) For solvents and buffers: upper limits for UV absorbance between 200–400 nm, and specifications on fluorescence background.
(b) For reagents used in molecular biology or cell applications: data on microbial counts, endotoxin, RNase/DNase, and Protease, i.e., overall biological cleanliness.
5. Application Notes
(a) Whether the product explicitly states that it is “suitable for ICP-MS / ICP-OES / LC-MS / cell culture / molecular biology,” etc.
(b) Such statements usually indicate that, in addition to routine quality testing, the product has undergone application-specific functional verification.
In summary, the “value” of Ultra pure is very clearly reflected in its COA: the more detailed and explicit the specifications for metals, TOC, residue, optical background, and biological indicators, the more worthy the product is of priority consideration.
Representative Aladdin Ultra pure Products (Partial List)
To meet the demands of trace metal analysis, high-sensitivity LC/LC-MS, molecular biology and cell culture, semiconductor and electronic materials, and pharmaceutical analysis, Aladdin has built a comprehensive portfolio around the Ultra pure grade, including several sub-series such as:
· UltraBio™, PrimorTrace™, PrimorTrace™ Ultra, Moligand™, PharmPure™, EnzymoPure™, CellNourish™, etc.
These products are subjected to multi-dimensional control over metallic impurities, TOC, residues, optical background, and biological cleanliness, ensuring high chemical purity while maintaining low background in both biological systems and trace-analysis workflows.
The following table presents selected representative Aladdin Ultra pure products categorized by application area, to help you quickly identify relevant product lines and typical catalog numbers when choosing reagent grades. For additional specifications and the full product list, you may:
1. Search by series name, such as UltraBio™, PrimorTrace™, PrimorTrace™ Ultra, Moligand™, PharmPure™, EnzymoPure™, CellNourish™, etc., to browse all Ultra pure products within the same series;
2. Use tag filters such as "Ultra pure" to navigate to the consolidated Ultra pure product page, or refer to the “Related Product List” at the end of the article.
Application Area | Product Name | Catalog No. | CAS No. | Grade / Purity | Brief Description |
Buffers & pH Systems | Tris base (tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane) | 77-86-1 | UltraBio™, Ultra pure, ≥99.9% (T), pH 10.5–12.0 (1 M in H₂O) | Classic Tris buffer; high-purity 1 M stock solution for precise pH control | |
Buffers & pH Systems | Tris base (tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane) | 77-86-1 | Ultra pure | General Tris solid, suitable as a basic component for various buffer systems | |
Buffers & pH Systems | Tris hydrochloride (Tris HCl) | 1185-53-1 | Ultra pure, ≥99% | Tris-HCl solid, widely used in biological buffers in the pH 7–9 range | |
Buffers & pH Systems | MOPS (3-morpholinopropanesulfonic acid) | 1132-61-2 | UltraBio™, Molecular Biology Grade, Ultra pure, ≥99.5% (T) | Good’s buffer suitable for molecular biology and omics experiments | |
Buffers & pH Systems | MOPS (3-morpholinopropanesulfonic acid) | 1132-61-2 | UltraBio™, Ultra pure, ≥99.5% (T) | High-purity MOPS solid for a variety of biological buffer systems | |
Buffers & pH Systems | MES monohydrate | 145224-94-8 | UltraBio™, Molecular Biology Grade, Ultra pure, ≥99.5% (T) | Common Good’s buffer in the pH 5.5–6.7 range | |
Buffers & pH Systems | MES sodium salt | 71119-23-8 | Ultra pure, ≥99% (T), zwitterionic buffer useful in pH 5.5–6.7 | MES in sodium salt form, convenient for direct buffer preparation | |
Buffers & pH Systems | HEPES | 7365-45-9 | UltraBio™, Ultra pure, ≥99.5% (T), pH 5.0–6.5 (1 M in H₂O) | Widely used biological buffer; high-purity 1 M solution for cell and molecular biology | |
Buffers & pH Systems | HEPES buffer saline | — | UltraBio™, Molecular Biology Grade, Ultra pure, 2× | Ready-to-use HEPES buffer, reducing on-site preparation errors | |
Buffers & pH Systems | HEPES sodium salt | 75277-39-3 | UltraBio™, Ultra pure, ≥99% (T) | HEPES sodium salt, suitable for custom buffers and culture media | |
Buffers & pH Systems | ACES (N-(2-acetamido)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) | 7365-82-4 | Ultra pure, ≥99.5% | Good’s buffer suitable for many biochemical reaction systems | |
Buffers & pH Systems | ACES (N-(2-acetamido)-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) | 7365-82-4 | UltraBio™, Ultra pure, ≥99% (T) | High-purity ACES for more demanding applications | |
Buffers & pH Systems | CAPS (3-(cyclohexylamino)-1-propanesulfonic acid) | 1135-40-6 | Ultra pure, ≥99% (HPLC) | Common buffer in the pH 9.7–11.1 range, suitable for protein chemistry | |
Buffers & pH Systems | TES (N-tris(hydroxymethyl)methyl-2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) | 7365-44-8 | Ultra pure, ≥99.5% (T) | Good’s buffer; can be combined with Tris to form a broad-range buffering system | |
Buffers & pH Systems | PIPES (piperazine-N,N′-bis(2-ethanesulfonic acid)) | 5625-37-6 | UltraBio™, Ultra pure, ≥99% (T) | PIPES buffer, commonly used in cell and protein experiments | |
Amino Acids/Nutrients & Cell Culture | D-(+)-Glucose solution | 50-99-7 | UltraBio™, for cell culture, Ultra pure, sterile-filtered, 100 g/L in H₂O | Ready-to-use high-purity glucose solution, ideal for supplementing cell culture media | |
Amino Acids/Nutrients & Cell Culture | D-(+)-Glucose | 50-99-7 | Moligand™, Ultra pure, ≥99.5% | Solid glucose; high-purity carbon source suitable for multiple systems | |
Amino Acids/Nutrients & Cell Culture | Sucrose | 57-50-1 | Moligand™, Ultra pure, ≥99.9%, RNase/DNase-free | Osmotic regulator and protectant with molecular biology-grade cleanliness | |
Amino Acids/Nutrients & Cell Culture | Mannitol | 69-65-8 | Ultra pure, ≥99% (HPLC) | Common osmotic regulator and cryoprotectant | |
Amino Acids/Nutrients & Cell Culture | L-Glutamine | 56-85-9 | UltraBio™, for cell culture, Ultra pure, γ-irradiated | Essential amino acid for cell culture; high purity and gamma-irradiated | |
Amino Acids/Nutrients & Cell Culture | L-Arginine monohydrochloride | 1119-34-2 | UltraBio™, Ultra pure, ≥99.5% (AT) | Basic amino acid of high purity for medium formulation | |
Amino Acids/Nutrients & Cell Culture | L-Leucine | 61-90-5 | UltraBio™, Ultra pure, ≥99.5% (NT) | Essential amino acid in high-purity crystalline form; suitable for cell and microbial culture | |
Amino Acids/Nutrients & Cell Culture | L-Threonine | 72-19-5 | UltraBio™, Ultra pure, ≥99.5% (NT) | High-purity essential amino acid suitable for diverse culture systems | |
Amino Acids/Nutrients & Cell Culture | Glycine | 56-40-6 | UltraBio™, Molecular Biology Grade, Ultra pure, ≥99% (NT) | Can serve as both buffer component and nutrient source | |
Amino Acids/Nutrients & Cell Culture | Taurine | 107-35-7 | UltraBio™, Ultra pure, ≥99.5% (T) | Common biological small molecule used in formulation development and protection systems | |
Amino Acids/Nutrients & Cell Culture | Yeast extract, CellNourish™ Basic | 8013-01-2 | Suitable for microbiology, CellNourish™ Basic, Ultra pure | Nutrient enhancer suitable for microbial and cell culture | |
LC/LC-MS Additives & Solvents | Ammonium formate | 540-69-2 | Ultra pure, ≥99% | Common volatile LC-MS buffer salt with low residue and low metal background | |
LC/LC-MS Additives & Solvents | Ammonium formate solution | 540-69-2 | UltraBio™, Ultra pure, 10 M in H₂O | Highly concentrated 10 M stock solution, ideal for high-throughput LC-MS | |
LC/LC-MS Additives & Solvents | Sodium 1-heptanesulfonate | 22767-50-6 | UltraBio™, Ultra pure | Common ion-pairing reagent for reversed-phase LC/LC-MS | |
LC/LC-MS Additives & Solvents | Sodium 1-octanesulfonate | 5324-84-5 | UltraBio™, Ultra pure | Longer-chain ion-pairing reagent that enhances retention of polar compounds | |
LC/LC-MS Additives & Solvents | Triethylamine | 121-44-8 | Ultra pure, ≥99.5% (GC) | Volatile basic additive commonly used in LC/LC-MS mobile phases | |
LC/LC-MS Additives & Solvents | Triethylammonium phosphate solution | — | UltraBio™, Ultra pure, 1 M in H₂O | Volatile ion-pairing reagent for LC-MS | |
LC/LC-MS Additives & Solvents | Acetic acid | 64-19-7 | UltraBio™, Ultra pure, for luminescence, ≥99.5% (GC) | High-purity organic acid for luminescence and chromatographic systems | |
LC/LC-MS Additives & Solvents | Acetic acid | 64-19-7 | Moligand™, Ultra pure | General high-purity acetic acid suitable as a mobile phase additive | |
LC/LC-MS Additives & Solvents | Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) | 67-68-5 | Ultra pure, ≥99.9% | General high-purity solvent for stock solutions and reaction systems | |
LC/LC-MS Additives & Solvents | Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) | 67-68-5 | Ultra pure, ≤0.02% water | Low-water DMSO, particularly suitable for water-sensitive systems | |
LC/LC-MS Additives & Solvents | Ethylene glycol | 107-21-1 | UltraBio™, Ultra pure, ≥99.5% (GC) | High-purity organic solvent and cryoprotectant | |
LC/LC-MS Additives & Solvents | Diethylene glycol | 111-46-6 | UltraBio™, Ultra pure, ≥99% (GC) | Organic solvent/additive suitable for various chemical and materials applications | |
LC/LC-MS Additives & Solvents | Acetylacetone | 123-54-6 | Ultra pure, ≥99.5% (GC) | Chelating agent/ligand for spectroscopic and coordination chemistry | |
Trace Metal Analysis & Electronic Materials | Nitric acid, 65% | 7697-37-2 | Ultra pure | High-purity acid commonly used for digestion and ICP sample preparation | |
Trace Metal Analysis & Electronic Materials | Hydrochloric acid, 30% | 7647-01-0 | Ultra pure | High-purity hydrochloric acid for trace analysis and materials processing | |
Trace Metal Analysis & Electronic Materials | Sulfuric acid, 96% | 7664-93-9 | Ultra pure | High-purity sulfuric acid for sample digestion and electronic materials applications | |
Trace Metal Analysis & Electronic Materials | Phosphoric acid, 85% | 7664-38-2 | Ultra pure | High-purity phosphoric acid for electronic/optical materials and trace analysis | |
Trace Metal Analysis & Electronic Materials | Sodium acetate | 127-09-3 | Anhydrous, PrimorTrace™, Ultra pure, ≥99.99% metals basis | Sodium acetate with ultra-low metal background, suitable for ICP/electronics applications | |
Trace Metal Analysis & Electronic Materials | Sodium thiosulfate pentahydrate | 10102-17-7 | PrimorTrace™, Ultra pure, ≥99.999% metals basis | High-purity thiosulfate for trace analysis and standard solution preparation | |
Trace Metal Analysis & Electronic Materials | Sodium fluoride | 7681-49-4 | PrimorTrace™, Ultra pure, ≥99.99% metals basis | High-purity fluoride for electronic and trace-level applications | |
Trace Metal Analysis & Electronic Materials | Lithium fluoride | 7789-24-4 | PrimorTrace™, Ultra pure, ≥99.99% metals basis | High-purity lithium salt for Li-ion, optical, and electronic materials | |
Trace Metal Analysis & Electronic Materials | Ammonium sulfate | 7783-20-2 | Ultra pure, PrimorTrace™ Ultra, ≥99.9999% metals basis | Ultrapure ammonium sulfate for ultratrace analysis with extremely low metal impurities | |
Trace Metal Analysis & Electronic Materials | Potassium nitrate | 7757-79-1 | Ultra pure, ≥99.995% metals basis | High-purity KNO₃ commonly used in ICP and electronic materials | |
Trace Metal Analysis & Electronic Materials | Lithium carbonate | 554-13-2 | PrimorTrace™, Ultra pure, ≥99.99% metals basis | High-purity lithium source for batteries, ceramics, and related fields | |
Trace Metal Analysis & Electronic Materials | Calcium carbonate | 471-34-1 | Ultra pure, ≥99.95% metals basis | High-purity CaCO₃ for electronic and optical materials | |
Trace Metal Analysis & Electronic Materials | Boric acid | 10043-35-3 | Ultra pure, PrimorTrace™ Ultra, ≥99.9999% metals basis | High-purity boron source for glass, optics, and trace analysis | |
Trace Metal Analysis & Electronic Materials | Boron trioxide | 1303-86-2 | Ultra pure, ≥99.9995% metals basis | High-purity B₂O₃ for electronic glass and optical materials | |
Trace Metal Analysis & Electronic Materials | Ultra pure indium shot | 7440-74-6 | Ultra pure, PrimorTrace™ Ultra, ≥99.9999% metals basis, 1–5 mm | High-purity metallic indium for optoelectronics, solder, and semiconductor applications | |
Water, Buffers & Salt Solutions | Water | 7732-18-5 | Ultra pure | General laboratory ultrapure water | |
Water, Buffers & Salt Solutions | Water (embryo-grade) | 7732-18-5 | UltraBio™, Ultra pure, validated by embryo cell culture, for embryo transfer, sterile-filtered | Water validated for embryo culture, suitable for high-risk biological applications | |
Water, Buffers & Salt Solutions | PBS solution, 20×, pH 7.5 | — | Ultra pure | High-purity concentrated PBS, ready for dilution | |
Water, Buffers & Salt Solutions | Phosphate buffer solution | — | UltraBio™, Ultra pure, washing buffer for peroxidase conjugates in Western blotting, 10× concentrate | Washing buffer for HRP systems in Western blotting | |
Water, Buffers & Salt Solutions | Phosphate buffer solution | — | UltraBio™, Ultra pure, pH 7.4 (in solution), contains TWEEN 20, tablet | Tablet-form PBS/Tween buffer for convenient use | |
Water, Buffers & Salt Solutions | Sodium dihydrogen phosphate solution | 7558-80-7 | UltraBio™, Ultra pure, Ultrapure BioReagent, 5 M in H₂O | 5 M NaH₂PO₄ stock solution, commonly used in PBS/phosphate buffers | |
Water, Buffers & Salt Solutions | Disodium hydrogen phosphate solution | 7558-79-4 | UltraBio™, Ultra pure, Ultrapure BioReagent, 0.5 M in H₂O | 0.5 M Na₂HPO₄ stock solution for phosphate buffer systems | |
Water, Buffers & Salt Solutions | Sodium chloride solution | 7647-14-5 | UltraBio™, Molecular Biology Grade, Ultra pure, ~5 M in H₂O | High-purity NaCl stock solution suitable for molecular biology | |
Water, Buffers & Salt Solutions | Potassium chloride solution | 7447-40-7 | UltraBio™, Molecular Biology Grade, Ultra pure, ~1 M in H₂O | High-purity KCl solution for buffers and culture media | |
Water, Buffers & Salt Solutions | Sodium acetate buffer solution | 126-96-5 | UltraBio™, Molecular Biology Grade, Ultra pure, pH 7.0 ± 0.05 (25 °C), 3 M, non-sterile; 0.2 μm filtered | 3 M sodium acetate buffer, commonly used for nucleic acid precipitation and purification | |
Water, Buffers & Salt Solutions | Bicarbonate buffer | — | UltraBio™, Ultra pure, >0.1 M Na₂CO₃, >0.2 M NaHCO₃ | High-purity bicarbonate buffer system suitable for cell and biological experiments | |
PEG & Macromolecular Precipitation | PEG 1000 solution | 25322-68-3 | UltraBio™, Molecular Biology Grade, Ultra pure, 50% in H₂O, 1,000 | PEG solution commonly used for DNA/protein precipitation and cell fusion | |
PEG & Macromolecular Precipitation | PEG 6000 | 25322-68-3 | UltraBio™, Ultra pure, 6000 | Suitable for protein crystallization, nucleic acid precipitation, and cell fusion | |
PEG & Macromolecular Precipitation | PEG 8000 | 25322-68-3 | UltraBio™, Molecular Biology Grade, Ultra pure, 8000 | High-molecular-weight PEG widely used in molecular biology | |
Surfactants & Lysis | Triton™ X-100 | 9002-93-1 | UltraBio™, Ultra pure | Non-ionic surfactant commonly used for cell lysis and membrane protein extraction | |
Surfactants & Lysis | Sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) | 151-21-3 | Ultra pure, ≥99% (GC) | Anionic surfactant; essential reagent for protein SDS-PAGE | |
Surfactants & Lysis | NP-40 lysis buffer | — | Ultra pure | Mild lysis buffer suitable for cell lysis and protein extraction | |
Surfactants & Lysis | n-Dodecyl-β-D-maltoside (DDM) | 69227-93-6 | UltraBio™, Ultra pure, ≥98% | Common mild detergent for membrane protein and complex studies | |
Surfactants & Lysis | CHAPS hydrate | 331717-45-4 | UltraBio™, Ultra pure, ≥98% | Zwitterionic detergent suitable for membrane proteins and proteomics applications | |
Surfactants & Lysis | Sucrose monolaurate | 25339-99-5 | UltraBio™, Ultra pure, ≥97% (TLC) | Sugar-based non-ionic surfactant suitable for gentle biological systems | |
Electrophoresis, Staining & Specialized Bioreagents | Acrylamide | 79-06-1 | Moligand™, Ultra pure, ≥99.9% | Monomer for SDS-PAGE and other gels; high purity and low inhibition | |
Electrophoresis, Staining & Specialized Bioreagents | Acrylamide/bis-acrylamide solution (30%), 29:1 | — | Ultra pure | Pre-mixed gel solution for convenient gel preparation | |
Electrophoresis, Staining & Specialized Bioreagents | Coomassie Brilliant Blue G-250 (C.I. 42655) | 6104-58-1 | Ultra pure | Common dye for protein staining with high purity and low background | |
Electrophoresis, Staining & Specialized Bioreagents | Thiazolyl blue (MTT) | 298-93-1 | Ultra pure | Substrate for MTT cell viability assays in colorimetric detection | |
Electrophoresis, Staining & Specialized Bioreagents | X-gal (5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-β-D-galactopyranoside) | 7240-90-6 | Ultra pure | Substrate commonly used for blue-white screening in combination with IPTG | |
Electrophoresis, Staining & Specialized Bioreagents | IPTG (isopropyl-β-D-thiogalactopyranoside) | 367-93-1 | Ultra pure, ≥99% | Inducer for expression; widely used in molecular cloning | |
Electrophoresis, Staining & Specialized Bioreagents | Leupeptin | 103476-89-7 | Ultra pure, EnzymoPure™ | Protease inhibitor suitable for proteomics and cell-based experiments | |
Electrophoresis, Staining & Specialized Bioreagents | Streptomycin sulfate | 3810-74-0 | UltraBio™, for cell culture, Ultra pure, powder, mouse embryo cell | Cell culture antibiotic suitable for sensitive embryo cells | |
Electrophoresis, Staining & Specialized Bioreagents | Puromycin dihydrochloride | 58-58-2 | Ultra pure | Antibiotic for cell selection with high purity | |
Electrophoresis, Staining & Specialized Bioreagents | Adenosine | 58-61-7 | Moligand™, Ultra pure, ≥99.5% | Nucleoside small molecule for biochemical and cell-based studies | |
Electrophoresis, Staining & Specialized Bioreagents | Lysozyme from egg white | 12650-88-3 | Ultra pure, EnzymoPure™ | High-purity lysozyme for cell wall lysis and biochemical analysis | |
Pharmaceutical Analysis & Pharmacopoeial Grade | Sodium nitrite | 7632-00-0 | PharmPure™, USP, Ph. Eur., Ultra pure | Typical pharmacopoeial-grade inorganic salt suitable for pharmaceutical analysis and QC | |
Pharmaceutical Analysis & Pharmacopoeial Grade | Cholesterol, from wool grease | 57-88-5 | GMP, PharmPure™, JP, BP, Ph. Eur., NF, pharmaceutical grade, Ultra pure | Cholesterol API/excipient demonstrating GMP and multi-pharmacopoeia compliance |
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