Indole - ≥99% , CAS No.120-72-9

CAS: 120-72-9 Cat. No.: I104726 Formula: C₈H₇N Molecular Weight: 117.15 Beilstein Registry Number: 107693 EC Number: 204-420-7

GRADE & PURITY ≥99%

Synonyms

Indole (white flake) | Indole, puriss., >=98.5% (GC) | I-0800 | SCHEMBL698 | SR-01000944736 | AMY3411 | BBL011739 | CCRIS 4421 | DB04532 | Tox21_302937 | BIDD:GT0304 | HSDB 599 | Indole 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile | 1H-Benzo[b]pyrrole | INDOLE BENZO-P

Storage

Store at 2-8°C,Argon charged

Shipped In

Wet ice

Overview

· Indole is a nitrogen-containing heterocycle used in the total synthesis of compounds such as goniomitine,(?)-isatisine A, and (±)-aspidospermidine.

· It is used as an electron donor moiety in synthesizing dyes for organic photovoltaics.

· It can also be used in the preparation of indole based conjugated small molecules for nonlinear optics applications.

Specifications

Synonyms

Indole (white flake) | Indole, puriss., >=98.5% (GC) | I-0800 | SCHEMBL698 | SR-01000944736 | AMY3411 | BBL011739 | CCRIS 4421 | DB04532 | Tox21_302937 | BIDD:GT0304 | HSDB 599 | Indole 100 microg/mL in Acetonitrile | 1H-Benzo[b]pyrrole | INDOLE BENZO-P

Specifications & Purity

≥99%

Storage

Store at 2-8°C,Argon charged

Shipped In

Wet ice

This product requires cold chain shipping. Ground and other economy services are not available.

Purity

≥99%

Names and Identifiers

Pubchem Sid

504750419

Pubchem Sid Url

https://pubchem.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/substance/504750419

Canonical Smiles

C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C=CN2

IUPAC Name

1H-indole

InChIKey

SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N

INCHI

1S/C8H7N/c1-2-4-8-7(3-1)5-6-9-8/h1-6,9H

Isomeric SMILES

C1=CC=C2C(=C1)C=CN2

WGK Germany

1

RTECS

NL2450000

UN Number

2811

Packing Group

III

Molecular Weight

117.15

Beilstein

107693

Reaxy-Rn

107693

Reaxys-RN_link_address

https://www.reaxys.com/reaxys/secured/hopinto.do?context=S&query=IDE.XRN=107693&ln=

Taxonomic Classification

Taxonomy Tree

• Kingdom Organic compounds
  • Superclass Organoheterocyclic compounds
    • Class Indoles and derivatives
      • Subclass Indoles

• Kingdom: Organic compounds
• Superclass: Organoheterocyclic compounds
• Class: Indoles and derivatives
• Subclass: Indoles
• Intermediate Tree Nodes: Not available
• Direct Parent: Indoles
• Alternative Parents: Benzenoids Pyrroles Heteroaromatic compounds Azacyclic compounds Organopnictogen compounds Organonitrogen compounds Hydrocarbon derivatives
• Molecular Framework: Aromatic heteropolycyclic compounds
• Substituents: Indole - Benzenoid - Heteroaromatic compound - Pyrrole - Azacycle - Organic nitrogen compound - Organopnictogen compound - Hydrocarbon derivative - Organonitrogen compound - Aromatic heteropolycyclic compound
• Description: This compound belongs to the class of organic compounds known as indoles. These are compounds containing an indole moiety, which consists of pyrrole ring fused to benzene to form 2,3-benzopyrrole.
• External Descriptors: an indole

Data sources

1. Djoumbou Feunang Y, Eisner R, Knox C, Chepelev L, Hastings J, Owen G, Fahy E, Steinbeck C, Subramanian S, Bolton E, Greiner R, and Wishart DS. ClassyFire: Automated Chemical Classification With A Comprehensive, Computable Taxonomy. Journal of Cheminformatics, 2016, 8:61.

DOI: 10.1186/s13321-016-0174-y

Associated Targets(Human)

CA2 Tclin Carbonic anhydrase II (17698 Activities)

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ADK Tchem Adenosine kinase (1481 Activities)

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CA6 Tclin Carbonic anhydrase VI (993 Activities)

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CA1 Tclin Carbonic anhydrase I (13240 Activities)

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ALB Tchem Serum albumin (2651 Activities)

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CES1 Tchem Acyl coenzyme A:cholesterol acyltransferase (1029 Activities)

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MCF7 (126967 Activities)

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MRC5 (9203 Activities)

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SK-N-SH (1499 Activities)

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U-251 (51189 Activities)

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U-87 MG (3946 Activities)

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A549 (127892 Activities)

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NCI-H292 (733 Activities)

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MDA-MB-231 (73002 Activities)

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CDK5 Tchem Cyclin-dependent kinase 5/CDK5 activator 1 (3697 Activities)

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GSK3A Tclin Glycogen synthase kinase-3 (736 Activities)

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ITGAL Tclin Intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM-1), Integrin alpha-L/beta-2 (760 Activities)

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Associated Targets(non-human)

CA4 Carbonic anhydrase IV (1713 Activities)

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Saccharomyces cerevisiae (19171 Activities)

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Cutibacterium acnes (887 Activities)

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Rattus norvegicus (775804 Activities)

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Hepatitis C virus (23859 Activities)

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INS1 (2867 Activities)

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E Lysozyme (95 Activities)

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Plutella xylostella (1838 Activities)

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PYGM Glycogen phosphorylase, muscle form (1331 Activities)

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Trpa1 Transient receptor potential cation channel subfamily A member 1 (1003 Activities)

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Spodoptera exigua (540 Activities)

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CA3 Carbonic anhydrase 3 (27 Activities)

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Mechanisms of Action

Chemical and Physical Properties

• Solubility: Soluble in methanol and water.
• Sensitivity: light & air sensitive
• Refractive Index: 1.609
• Flash Point(°F): 249°F
• Flash Point(°C): 121°C
• Boil Point(°C): 254°C
• Melt Point(°C): 52.5°C
• Molecular Weight: 117.150 g/mol
• XLogP3: 2.100
• Hydrogen Bond Donor Count: 1
• Hydrogen Bond Acceptor Count: 0
• Rotatable Bond Count: 0
• Exact Mass: 117.058 Da
• Monoisotopic Mass: 117.058 Da
• Topological Polar Surface Area: 15.800 Ų
• Heavy Atom Count: 9
• Formal Charge: 0
• Complexity: 101.000
• Isotope Atom Count: 0
• Defined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
• Undefined Atom Stereocenter Count: 0
• Defined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
• Undefined Bond Stereocenter Count: 0
• The total count of all stereochemical bonds: 0
• Covalently-Bonded Unit Count: 1

Application Protocols

No assay-specific or antibody application protocols are applicable to this small-molecule chemical. For synthetic or analytical uses, refer to the Reaction Conditions and Synthetic Utility sections. For preparing stock solutions for biochemical assays, typical practice (literature) is to dissolve indole in DMSO or ethanol to 10–100 mM, filter (0.2 µm), and dilute into buffer with ≤1% v/v organic cosolvent, verifying solubility and absence of precipitation.

Biological Roles

Content in this section is general literature background and not specific to this catalog item’s specifications or intended use (research use only).

• Origin and metabolism:
  • Indole is a natural product derived from tryptophan via bacterial tryptophanase (TnaA) and occurs in microbial, plant, and animal systems.
  • It serves as the core of numerous natural products (indole alkaloids) and is incorporated biosynthetically into tryptophan, serotonin, melatonin, and plant indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) pathways (as a structural motif).
• Signaling (microbial ecology):
  • Acts as a bacterial signaling molecule, influencing biofilm formation, motility, and stress responses across diverse species; concentrations and effects are context-dependent.
• Plant biology:
  • Indole and indole-3-acetaldoxime derivatives are precursors in auxin biosynthesis and in defense metabolites (e.g., indole glucosinolates) in certain plants.
• Biophysical properties:
  • The indole ring in proteins (tryptophan residues) is a key intrinsic fluorophore (λ_ex ~280 nm, λ_em ~350 nm), widely used to probe protein folding and environment.

No medical or clinical claims are made. Any biological use of this product should be confined to laboratory research under appropriate approvals. For cell-based assays, prepare sterile stock solutions in DMSO/ethanol and verify vehicle controls due to indole’s UV absorbance and hydrophobicity.

Buffer Applications

This compound is a hydrophobic heteroaromatic building block and is not typically used as a buffering agent. It lacks suitable acid/base pairs in the physiological pH range to provide buffering capacity.

• Practical note: If indole must be handled in aqueous systems (e.g., bioassays), use co-solvents (DMSO or ethanol at low percentage) or cyclodextrin inclusion to aid solubilization. Select your buffer (e.g., phosphate, HEPES, Tris) based on the biological system, not on indole’s properties, and confirm that the buffer and co-solvent do not react with added electrophiles or oxidants in subsequent steps.

Green Alternatives

As a solid building block, the “greenness” considerations for indole focus on solvent/reagent choices and sourcing rather than substituting the molecule itself.

Greener choices (literature/general):

• Solvents:
  • Replace chlorinated solvents (e.g., DCM) with ethyl acetate, 2-MeTHF, CPME, or toluene/EtOAc blends where compatible.
  • For Vilsmeier-type formylations, consider minimizing DMF excess or using dimethyl carbonate as a greener medium when feasible.
• Halogenations/formylations:
  • Use N-halosuccinimides under solvent-minimized or aqueous micellar conditions (e.g., TPGS-750-M) to reduce organic solvent usage.
  • Explore hypervalent iodine reagents (IBX, DMP) for oxidative steps in place of chromium(VI) oxidants.
• Energy and protection economy:
  • Conduct reactions at ambient temperature with photocatalysis or electrochemistry for C–H functionalization, reducing cryogenic conditions and stoichiometric metals.
• Sourcing:
  • Bio-based indole from tryptophan/bioprocess streams is emerging; it can reduce petrochemical footprint relative to coal-tar routes.

Tradeoffs:

• Greener ethers (2-MeTHF/CPME) may change regioselectivity or rates in EAS; halogenation selectivity can vary with solvent polarity.
• Micellar media can complicate workup and may extract indole due to hydrophobicity—optimize surfactant loading and salt content.

Note: Selection must balance safety, performance, and regulatory constraints. Validate on small scale before process adoption.

Pharmaceutical Uses

No excipient or pharmacopeial grade information is provided for this item; see CoA/Spec Sheet for any compliance notes. The following is general background for process chemists and formulators (no therapeutic claims).

• Role in development and manufacturing (literature):
  • Indole is a foundational synthetic intermediate for numerous active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) candidates and approved drugs containing indole or indoline motifs.
  • Employed to access key building blocks such as 3-formylindoles, 2-substituted indoles, indolinones, and N-aryl indoles that are further elaborated by cross-coupling or condensation.
• Analytical considerations:
  • Strong UV absorbance near 280 nm facilitates HPLC/UPLC tracking; ensure detector linearity and avoid saturating signals.
  • Potential for oxidative discoloration suggests storing reference and process samples under inert gas at 2–8 °C (as specified for this item).
• Formulation context:
  • Indole itself is seldom used as an excipient; its volatility/odor and hydrophobicity limit direct use in dosage forms. For research formulations, dissolve in ethanol/PEG/DMSO co-solvent systems before dilution.

Regulatory note: Any GMP or pharmacopeial applicability must be established with item-specific documentation (not provided here).

Physical Properties

Only general (literature) properties are provided here for context; do not treat as product specifications.

• Phase/appearance (typical literature): white to off-white crystalline solid with a characteristic fecal/flowery odor at very low concentrations.
• Melting point (literature): ~52–54 °C.
• Boiling point (literature): ~253–254 °C (may sublime before or during distillation under ambient pressure).
• Density (literature): ~1.22 g/cm³ at 25 °C (solid).
• Solubility (literature):
  • Water: sparingly soluble (on the order of a few g/L at 25 °C).
  • Miscible with many organic solvents: ethanol, methanol, acetone, dichloromethane, toluene, ethyl acetate.
• LogP (XlogP3, literature): ~2.1 (moderately hydrophobic).
• pKa (literature): N–H acidity pKa ~16.9 in DMSO (very weak acid); conjugate acid pKa ≲ −2 (very weak base at nitrogen).
• UV/Vis (literature): strong π→π* absorption around 270–290 nm; weaker long-wavelength tail to ~320–340 nm depending on solvent.

Item-specific specifications such as exact melting range, assay, water/peroxide content, metal limits, or UV cutoff: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

Quality & Grades

• Grade/purity for this specific item: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

Interpretation and implications (general guidance for professional users):

• If supplied as “ACS/AR” grade, typical expectations include high assay with limited inorganic/organic impurities suitable for general analytical and synthetic work.
• For “HPLC” or “UHPLC” grade, materials are controlled for low UV-absorbing impurities and particulates, favoring use as reference standards or chromatography mobile-phase additives (note: indole itself absorbs in UV; such grades minimize background from impurities rather than the solute itself).
• For “Anhydrous” or “Dry” grade, residual water is tightly controlled and packaging may be under inert gas in moisture-barrier containers; valuable for moisture-sensitive transformations (e.g., strong-base-mediated deprotonations or metalations of N-protected indoles).
• Stabilizers: Indole generally does not require stabilizers; however, inert-atmosphere packaging can slow oxidative discoloration. Any stabilizer or inhibitor, if present, will be declared on the label/CoA.

Verification:

• Prior to critical applications, verify assay, residual solvents, and key trace impurities by CoA. For spectroscopy, record a baseline UV-Vis of solvent blank vs. indole solution to assess background.
• For trace-metal-sensitive catalysis, consider pre-washing or recrystallization and ICP screening if the application is particularly metal-critical.

Reaction & Applications

Indole is a cornerstone scaffold in heterocyclic chemistry and a versatile nucleophile for electrophilic substitution and annulation chemistry.

• Electrophilic substitution (literature):
  • C3-selective reactions dominate: halogenation (e.g., NBS/NCS to 3-haloindoles), formylation (Vilsmeier–Haack to indole-3-carboxaldehyde), acylation and sulfonylation at C3 under mild Lewis/Brønsted acid catalysis.
  • C2 functionalization achievable via directing groups or metalation (often after N-protection) or via transition-metal-catalyzed C–H activation.
• N-functionalization (literature):
  • N-alkylation/acylation with alkyl halides or acyl chlorides using base (NaH, K2CO3) to give N-substituted indoles which tune electronics and regioselectivity.
• Annulations and ring construction (literature):
  • While indole is the product of the Fischer indole synthesis, it also participates in Dearomatizing cycloadditions, Pictet–Spengler-type condensations (from tryptamine derivatives), and oxidative couplings to advanced polycycles.
• Cross-coupling (literature):
  • Indole itself is typically prefunctionalized (e.g., 3-bromoindole) for Suzuki, Buchwald–Hartwig, Sonogashira reactions, enabling rapid diversification.
• Oxidations and functional group interconversions (literature):
  • Controlled oxidation at C3 to indolinones or diones (with DDQ, hypervalent iodine reagents) and C–H amination/arylation under Pd/Cu catalysis.

Applications span synthesis of natural products, materials (e.g., OLED/OPV donor units from N-aryl indoles), and as a probe scaffold in chemical biology (without implying therapeutic use). Dry, oxygen-limited conditions often improve selectivity and color stability.

Reaction Conditions

Typical conditions below are literature guidelines for indole transformations; optimize per substrate and scale. They are not item-specific specifications.

• C3 halogenation (literature):
  • Reagent: NBS or NCS (1.0–1.2 equiv); Solvent: DMF, MeCN, THF, or DCM; Temp: 0–25 °C; Time: 0.5–3 h. Often affords 3-haloindole in good to excellent yields (70–95%). Control light and add portionwise to minimize over-halogenation.
• Vilsmeier–Haack formylation (literature):
  • Reagents: POCl3 (1.2–1.5 equiv) in DMF (5–10 equiv to serve as reagent/solvent); Temp: 0 °C to rt, then 40–70 °C as needed; Workup: aqueous quench then basification; Typical yields: 60–85% of 3-formylindole.
• N-alkylation (literature):
  • Base: NaH (1.1–1.5 equiv, 60% in mineral oil) or K2CO3 (2–3 equiv for milder conditions); Electrophile: alkyl halide (1.1–1.5 equiv); Solvent: DMF, DMSO, or THF; Temp: 0–25 °C; Time: 1–6 h. Monitor for C3 alkylation side products under strongly basic conditions.
• Directed C2 metalation (literature):
  • Protect N (e.g., N-Boc); Base: sBuLi or LDA (1.1–1.3 equiv) in THF or Et2O at −78 to −30 °C; Trap with electrophile (carbonyls, halides, B(OR)3) to install C2 substituents.
• Oxidations to indolinones (literature):
  • Reagents: PIFA/PhI(OAc)2, DDQ, or catalytic Pd with oxidant; Solvent: DCM/MeCN/AcOH; Temp: 0–25 °C; Yields: substrate dependent (40–85%).

General tips: exclude moisture/oxygen when strong bases or sensitive electrophiles are used; apply inert gas blanketing (argon, consistent with item storage). Control exotherms and add electrophiles slowly to maintain C3 selectivity.

Safety & Handling

Follow standard precautions for aromatic heterocycles; consult the SDS for authoritative classifications for this catalog item.

• GHS/SDS status for this item: Not specified in Product Data. Always defer to the product’s SDS for signal word, hazard statements, and pictograms.
• General hazards (literature):
  • Harmful if swallowed; may cause skin/eye irritation.
  • Combustible solid; dust may form combustible mixtures with air.
  • Strong, penetrating odor at trace levels; ensure good ventilation.
• Storage guidance (item-specific):
  • Store at 2–8 °C, under argon (argon charged).
  • Ship condition: Wet ice (as provided). Minimize air/moisture exposure; keep container tightly closed.
• Incompatibilities (general): strong oxidizers; electrophilic halogenating agents; nitrating mixtures. Avoid prolonged exposure to light/air that can promote slow oxidation/polymerization.
• Handling/PPE (general best practice): wear lab coat, safety glasses, and suitable gloves (nitrile recommended). Use in a fume hood. Avoid dust generation; ground equipment if transferring powders.
• First aid (overview; follow SDS):
  • Inhalation: move to fresh air; seek medical attention if symptoms persist.
  • Skin/eye: rinse with water for ≥15 minutes; remove contaminated clothing; seek medical advice.
  • Ingestion: rinse mouth; do not induce vomiting unless directed by medical personnel; seek medical attention.

Note: Dispose of waste according to institutional and local regulations; incineration in approved facilities is typical for nitrogen-containing aromatics.

Solvent Selection

This product is a solid heteroaromatic building block rather than a solvent. Nonetheless, selecting appropriate solvents for dissolution and reaction media is important.

• Polarity and miscibility (literature):
  • Moderately hydrophobic (logP ~2.1). Sparingly soluble in water; readily soluble in many polar aprotic and polar protic organic solvents (e.g., DMSO, DMF, NMP, MeOH, EtOH, acetone, EtOAc, DCM, toluene).
• Typical choices by task:
  • Spectroscopy/stock solutions: DMSO or ethanol for stable, concentrated stocks; filter if needed.
  • Electrophilic substitutions (e.g., halogenation, Vilsmeier formylation): DMF, acetonitrile, DCM, or THF depending on reagent compatibility.
  • Base-mediated N-alkylation: DMF, DMSO, or THF under inert atmosphere; dry solvents recommended.
  • Metalation/C–H functionalization (via N-protected indoles): THF or Et2O at low temperature for lithiation; dioxane/DMF mixtures for palladium-catalyzed couplings of prehalogenated indoles.
• Practical notes:
  • Avoid aqueous media for high concentrations due to limited solubility; co-solvents (≤5–10% DMSO or ethanol) can facilitate aqueous workups or bioassays.
  • Minimize strongly acidic media that can lead to polymerization/oligomerization.

Comparison (general):

• DMSO enables highest solubility but can interfere in some reactions; ethanol offers benign handling but lower solubility ceiling. Aprotic halogenated solvents (DCM) provide inert media for electrophilic steps but are less green than esters or ethers.

Storage & Reconstitution

Item-specific storage and shipping:

• Store at 2–8 °C, Argon charged.
• Shipped on wet ice. Keep container tightly closed; minimize headspace air exposure to reduce oxidation and discoloration.

General handling guidance:

• Allow container to equilibrate to room temperature before opening to avoid moisture condensation. Reseal promptly and, if possible, backfill with inert gas (argon) after use.
• Protect from light and oxidants. Avoid prolonged exposure to elevated temperatures which can accelerate degradation.

Reconstitution/solution preparation (general):

• Solid requires no reconstitution. For stock solutions, dissolve in DMSO, ethanol, methanol, acetone, acetonitrile, or DCM as appropriate to the application. Filter if clarity is required.
• For aqueous applications, use co-solvents (e.g., 0.5–5% DMSO or ethanol) and verify solubility; prepare fresh to minimize oxidation.
• Store solutions in amber vials under inert gas at 2–8 °C. For longer-term storage, freeze at −20 °C, avoiding repeated freeze–thaw cycles.

Specifications such as assay, water content, stabilizers, or exact shelf-life are Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet and SDS for definitive guidance.

Structure & Identity

Indole is the parent bicyclic heteroaromatic comprising a benzene ring fused to a five-membered pyrrolic ring with an N–H at the 1-position; it is the prototypical indole scaffold used widely in synthesis.

• Item-specific identifiers (from Product Data)

  • Product name: Indole
  • SKU: I104726
  • CAS: 120-72-9
  • CID: 798
  • InChIKey (as listed): 336798
  • Grade/Purity: Not specified for this item; refer to CoA/Spec Sheet.

• Literature identifiers and structural description (general reference)

  • Molecular formula (literature): C8H7N
  • Molecular weight (literature): 117.15 g/mol
  • Canonical SMILES (literature): c1ccc2c(c1)[nH]cc2
  • Canonical InChIKey (literature): BBSFHMZRFWMZHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N
  • Core features: fused benzene–pyrrole system; one pyrrolic N–H; 10 π-electron aromatic system (Hückel 4n+2). Positions are numbered with N as position 1; the most nucleophilic site for electrophilic substitution is typically C3.

• 2D structure in words (general)

  • A six-membered benzene ring shares two adjacent carbon atoms with a five-membered ring containing one nitrogen. The five-membered ring bears an N–H; adjacent to N (C2) and opposite N (C3) define key reactive sites. The benzene ring contributes to extended conjugation and planarity.

Note: Item-specific structural identifiers beyond what is listed should be confirmed against the product’s CoA/Spec Sheet.

Synthetic Utility

Indole’s fused aromatic system and pyrrolic N–H confer rich reactivity that underpins its widespread use in target- and diversity-oriented synthesis.

• Key reactive elements (literature):
  • Activated C3 position: undergoes rapid electrophilic substitution (halogenation, acylation, formylation, sulfenylation, Friedel–Crafts).
  • Pyrrolic N–H: amenable to deprotonation and subsequent N-alkylation/acylation/sulfonylation; N-protection modulates ring electronics and directs C2 lithiation.
  • Benzenoid ring: engages in cross-coupling once prefunctionalized (e.g., 5-, 6-, 7-halogenation patterns).
• Named reactions and strategies:
  • Vilsmeier–Haack: indole → 3-formylindole.
  • Mannich at C3 with iminium equivalents; Friedel–Crafts acylation under mild Lewis acids.
  • Directed ortho-metalation/lithiation of N-protected indoles (e.g., N-Ts, N-Boc) for C2 substitution at −78 to −30 °C.
  • Electrophilic cyclizations/oxidations to indolinones and spiroindolines (e.g., with I(III) reagents).
• Divergent synthesis:
  • Rapid library generation via stepwise C3 functionalization then N-arylation (Buchwald–Hartwig) or N-alkylation; or via 3-haloindole cross-couplings (Suzuki/Sonogashira) to install aryl/alkynyl groups.

Practical tips:

• Work under inert gas (as per item storage) to limit oxidation/discoloration.
• Dry solvents and controlled addition of electrophiles improve regioselectivity and minimize polymerization.
• Pre-generate and use 3-haloindole intermediates when cross-coupling is the end goal.

Target Specificity

Not applicable. This product is a small-molecule chemical building block, not a biologic or affinity reagent. No antigen/epitope, species reactivity, clone, or isotype information applies.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the purity of this product?

This product is supplied at ≥99% purity (chemical assay). Lot-specific values are stated on the Certificate of Analysis.

How should this product be stored?

Store at 2–8 °C under argon. It is supplied under an argon blanket; reseal under inert gas after each use.

How is this product shipped?

This product ships chilled on wet ice. Unpack on arrival and transfer it to the storage condition stated above.

What are the CAS number, molecular formula and molecular weight?

The CAS Number is 120-72-9, the molecular formula is C8H7N, and the molecular weight is 117.15 g/mol. InChIKey SIKJAQJRHWYJAI-UHFFFAOYSA-N.

What documentation is provided?

Available product documentation, including Certificates of Analysis (COA), Safety Data Sheets (SDS), and specification sheets, is shown in the product document area. Document availability and access follow the current site policy.